The impact of rail transit on spatial and temporal change of job-housing structure in metropolitan area

The main objective of the paper is to compare the impact of transit rail on job-housing spatial and temporal structure in Tokyo metropolitan area (TMA) and Beijing metropolitan area (BMA). The paper put forward that job-housing spatial mismatch cannot be avoided in the short time, but job-housing temporal match which can be measured using job accessibility will be realized by choosing appropriate mode and integrating development between transit rail and land use. Therefore, the paper modified the job accessibility (JA) model and added feeder time, operating time and economic cost into it. The paper finds that transit rail truly can guide population suburbanization in the short time and the formation of multi employment centers in the long time. And the operating time and feeder time by transit rail of areas within 0-10km and 10-20km in BMA are longer than TMA. Moreover, job accessibility is becoming smaller and smaller with the increase of distance, and the districts with more employment opportunity have bigger JA.